1. Significance of the Gitlow Case (Gitlow v. New York, 1925):
2. Rulings related to abortion since Roe:

3. Ruling in the Korematsu case (Korematsu v. United States, 1944):
  • Based on the constitutionality of Execeutive Order 9066, voted 6-3 that the order, which put Japanese-Americans into internment camps, was constitutional.

4. Habeas Corpus:
  • From wikipedia: "a //writ//, or legal action, through which a person can seek //relief// from unlawful //detention//, or the relief of another person. The writ of habeas corpus protects persons from harming themselves, or from being harmed by the judicial system"
    • The writ of Habeas Corpus allows protection against self-incrimination.

5. Actual rights of the accused specifically mentioned in the Constitution:
  • The following rights are outlined in the constitution:
    • Protection against self-incrimination (Habeus Corpus)
    • The right to a trial by jury
    • Protection against cruel and unusual punishment
    • Double Jeopardy clause, which states that a person cannot be tried for the same crime twice if found not guilty.
    • Protection from illegal search and siezure
    • The "due process" clause, which protects from speedy trials.

6. Recent rulings (last 25 yrs) on Freedom of Speech: